This report to Congressional Requestors from the Government Accountability Office found that poverty and unemployment is still extremely high on Native American reservations despite Tribes’ efforts to stimulate the economy. According to the study, “57 Tribes with reservations reported that at least half of all families living of their reservations had incomes below the federal poverty level.” The report describes various specific Tribal enterprises. The authors also describe specific challenges that Tribes face in operating TANF programs including developing expertise quickly, obtaining data, and leveraging resources. Through the report, the Government Accountability Office recommended that the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services provide for more assistance to Tribes in operating their own welfare programs.

Written by Jo Ann Kauffman of the Kaiser Family Foundation, this paper describes case studies of eight Tribes. Of the Tribes studied, six operated their own Tribal TANF programs, one left TANF implementation up to the State, and the remaining Tribe served as a contractor for the State’s TANF program. The paper describes lessons learned in operating Tribal TANF programs and the appendices include the methodology for conducting the interviews.

This resource provides facts about the Administration for Native Americans (ANA). The program administers about 220 projects each year focused on social and economic self-sufficiency for all Native Americans. ANA provides technical assistance, training, and funding. See ANA Web site in related Tribal links section.

On April 29th, 2008, Welfare Peer TA conducted a site visit to the Coeur d’Alene Tribal TANF program in Plummer, Idaho based on the Tribe’s Request for TA. Welfare Peer TA staff partnered with consultants from the U.C. Davis Extension at the University of California to provide the Tribe with an in-depth needs assessment in order to strategize on developing solutions for programmatic improvement. The consultants, Julie Gondry and Dr. Geni Cowan, are Tribal TANF subject matter experts with program based skills in training, case management, and data reporting. Based upon the assessment results, the Coeur d’Alene Tribal TANF program will receive valuable recommendations to further enhance aspects of their program’s structure and administration to reach the end goal of self-sufficiency for their TANF participants.

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Administration for Children and Families (ACF) sponsored a 3-day conference for Tribal TANF grantees in Regions VI, VIII, and X. The annual meeting was designed to address the needs of grantees who have received funding to operate Tribal TANF programs. A total of 30 Tribal TANF programs were represented at the conference. The objective of the conference was to promote awareness and provide information on effective implementation and service delivery, as well as afford grantees the opportunity to collaborate and communicate with each other.

This resource guide was designed to support child welfare workers, supervisors, administrators, and other professionals that work with American Indian families. From the Rocky Mountain Quality Improvement Center, this guide offers strategies for best practices in serving these families with both child protection and substance abuse concerns.

This issue brief was developed by the Child Welfare Information Gateway and offers information to help States and Tribes work effectively together to serve families. Authors examine the key factors that affect Tribal-State relations in child welfare and provide promising practices for effective collaboration.

Researchers, from the Tribal Law and Policy Institute, conducted this study to explore the use of methamphetamine in Indian country. Professionals from three Western tribal communities completed questions on their perceptions of methamphetamine use and the implications for child abuse in their communities. The findings include significant methamphetamine use in Indian country and the professionals offered the implications that use has on children, women, families, and systems.

Authored by Walter Hillabrant, Judy Earp, Mack Rhoades, and Nancy Pindus. This report presents findings from a Mathematica study, done under the Welfare to Work evaluation, of economic development initiatives in eight tribes (Cheyenne River Sioux, Citizen Potawatomi, Colville Confederated Tribes, Gila River, Mississippi Choctaw, Navajo Nation, Three Affiliated Tribes, and Turtle Mountain Chippewa) and two Alaska Native corporations (Bristol Bay Native Corporation and Doyon Limited). This report discusses how American Indian tribes and Alaska Native villages have embraced the goals, objectives, and programs associated with welfare reform, but the lack of jobs limits the success of tribal programs such as Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and Welfare-to-Work (WtW).

This series of reports, completed as part of a two-year study by James Bell Associates, describes how tribes use flexible Federal funds for the Promoting Safe and Stable Families program. The reports highlight promising practices tribes have adopted to meet unique challenges they face in managing services to strengthen tribal families, children, and youth. This report is labeled as Issue Paper #1.