Understanding the dynamics of disconnection from employment and assistance: Final report

Record Description

Since the creation of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) in 1996, there has been concern about low-income individuals who may be eligible for TANF cash assistance but are neither receiving TANF nor working. These individuals are often referred to as “disconnected.” This study, Understanding the Dynamics of Disconnection from Employment and Assistance, uses interview data from a sample of 51 disconnected, unmarried mothers from Southeast Michigan and Los Angeles, California, to learn more about their experiences related to work, benefit receipt, and material hardship, the economic coping strategies they use to manage, and their overall well-being. (author abstract) 

Record Type
Posting Date
Combined Date
2013-12-31T19:00:00
Source
Region
City/County
Publication Date
2014-01-01
Innovative Programs

Training Futures

Mission/Goal of Program

Training Futures, a program of Northern Virginia Family Service trains low-income, underemployed or unemployed individuals in office and health care job skills and provides job development services.  Training Futures was launched in 1996 and has since trained more than 2,200 people from diverse backgrounds and experiences. Within six months of graduation, 72% of trainees secure full-time employment in an office environment. The employment rate of graduates far exceeds those of other national programs, placing Training Futures in the top-performing echelon.

Programs/Services Offered

Training Futures delivers a 25-week program that includes 17 weeks of curriculum in critical office skills and software, including Microsoft Office Suite software, keyboarding, business communication, customer service, business math, and filing. The Training Futures program is operated as a business site; trainees attend classes Monday through Friday, from 9:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. Trainees are expected to dress professionally – the program provides each student with three professional outfits – and students must be on time and attend classes regularly.

A key part of the Training Futures experience is the 3-week internship. Training Futures staff arranges internships with local employers by carefully matching trainees’ strengths to “job orders” placed by an employer. Trainees report to that employer during the same hours that they attend the training session. To support participants’ job search, Training Futures provides skills training in resume development and interviewing; hosts job fairs where employers interview participants on-site; provides office equipment for participants and graduates, such as computers, Internet access, fax, and telephones; facilitates job clubs where participants offer support to one another; and provides ongoing coaching from the trainers and volunteers during the job search process.

In 2008, the program was selected as one of six sites nationwide to be a participant with the Aspen Institute’s Courses to Employment three-year Demonstration Project. A study released by the Aspen Institute about Training Futures shows 94% of trainees complete the program. 84% of Training Futures graduates go on to find employment after program completion with an average of $6,000 annual wage gain. 84% of completers gain college credit for their work at TF.

Start Date
Monday, January 1, 1996
Type of Agency/Organization
Community-based Organization
City
Vienna
State
Virginia
Geographic Reach
Onesite
Clientele/Population Served
Low income; 200% of FPL or less or TANF
Topics/Subtopics
Employment
Job Development and Placement
Education and Training
Career Pathways
Innovative Programs

CLIMB Wyoming

Mission/Goal of Program

CLIMB Wyoming, a non-profit organization, that trains and places low-income single mothers in careers that successfully support their families. Climb Wyoming’s model was developed in Cheyenne in 1986 for single mothers ages 16–21 under the name of the Fleming Young Parent Program. Recognizing this successful paradigm and the need to reach more single mothers, Wyoming community partners collaborated to aggressively expand the Young Parent Program model to serve low-income single mothers of all ages across the state. The Climb program has evolved for more than 30 years into one of the nation’s most successful models for moving families out of poverty.

Programs/Services Offered

The comprehensive CLIMB Wyoming Program Model includes the five phases that help move low-income single mothers out of poverty and into self-sufficient jobs: Phase 1 is dedicated to sector-based research to identify career opportunities in growing fields, and then to purposefully engage these businesses and industry groups within these growing fields. Following the businesses’ input, CLIMB works with a community college or private training entity to develop a curriculum that trains for the occupation’s required knowledge, skills and abilities. This research and planning phase ensure that staff will be able to place participants in long-term job opportunities. 

Phase 2 of the project is focused on participant recruitment.  Activities of this phase are also conducted year round but become more intense approximately two months prior to the comprehensive training start date, and after the requirements of the training and employment are known. CLIMB’s unique participant recruitment approach is vital to connecting well-matched, qualified and ready-to-work individuals to high-quality jobs. During this phase, program staff members assist and coach candidates to overcome obstacles such as low self-esteem, childcare, transportation and housing so that they can participate in the program.  

Phase 3 moves to the comprehensive training component of the model. This phase lasts approximately two to four months depending on the job training curriculum. The comprehensive training phase develops the participants’ strengths and builds upon them through extensive training in high-demand, high-growth occupations that lead to self-sufficient wages. During this phase, CLIMB participants are guided through job training and also receive services that allow them to begin to address personal barriers to success. The comprehensive training phase includes industry specific training, work readiness training, life skills training, parenting skills training, mental health services (including both group and individual counseling) and advocacy services. 

Phase 4: This phase includes two to three months of subsidized work experience followed by long-term placement. During this phase, staff members place participants into positions where they will be able to take what they learned during the comprehensive training phase and transition it to on-the-job training allowing them to build upon the skills they learned during training. Employers are reimbursed during the two to three month work experience, and staff members work closely with each employer to ensure that the participants are meeting appropriate expectations and to offer additional support or training as needed.

Phase 5: This phase is dedicated to providing ongoing support to the individual women and their families. Ongoing support has proven to be as important to the participants’ long-term success as the participant recruitment process. To continue to support the participants, CLIMB staff members meet with graduates after they finish the program to support success in the workplace and family stability. Staff members and graduates meet as a group to discuss life challenges and possible solutions as well as continually review community resources.

Start Date
Wednesday, January 1, 1986
Type of Agency/Organization
Community-based Organization
Geographic Area
Rural
Urban
City
Cheyenne
State
Wyoming
Geographic Reach
Multisite
Clientele/Population Served
Low-income single mothers
Topics/Subtopics
Employment
Job Development and Placement
Question / Response(s)

Question from PeerTA

Question Text

A representative from the Peer TA Network would like to know what job development strategies and specific curricula TANF programs have used to result in successful job placement and retention for TANF participants? This could include employer outreach, labor market research, subsidized employment and transitional jobs, strategies for special populations, using workforce intermediaries, and training for frontline workers.

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Date
June 2011
Source
OFA Peer TA
Agency/Organization
PeerTA
State
Virginia
Topics/Subtopics
Employment
Job Development and Placement
TANF Program Administration
TANF Regulatory Codes
Question / Response(s)

Question from Wisconsin Department of Children and Families

Question Text

A representative from the Wisconsin Department of Children and Families would like to know how other States fund TANF case management and job development contracts? This representative is working on a MPA Capstone project focused on alternative funding allocation methodologies for Wisconsin's TANF Program, Wisconsin Works (W-2). Wisconsin contracts with a variety of local providers to provide W-2 services - counties, private for-profit and not-for-profit vendors, multi-county consortia, etc. This representative is interested in examples of pay-for-performance contracting. Policy papers, contract language, Requests for Proposals, etc. would be appreciated, as would general discussion on this issue.

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Date
February 2011
Source
OFA Peer TA
Agency/Organization
Wisconsin Dept. of Children and Families
State
Wisconsin
Topics/Subtopics
Employment
Job Development and Placement
TANF Program Administration
Case Management
TANF Regulatory Codes
Question / Response(s)

Question from Education Commission of the States

Question Text

A representative from the Education Commission of the States would like to learn more about examples of cooperative efforts between schools/business/industry to assist youth in becoming job ready? Examples may be job shadowing, mentor programs, internships, summer employment, etc.

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Date
October 2010
Source
OFA Peer TA
Agency/Organization
Education Commission of the States
State
Colorado
Topics/Subtopics
Employment
Job Development and Placement
Job Search
Summer Youth Employment
Education and Training
TANF Program Administration
Collaborations and Partnerships
TANF Regulatory Codes

Less-Educated Workers' Unstable Employment: Can the Safety Net Help?

Record Description

The Institute for Research on Poverty recently released a short report that provides an overview of the evidence on employment instability in the United States. The report also includes information about some opportunities and challenges facing policymakers and researchers interested in promoting employment stability in the current economic and political context.

Record Type
Posting Date
Combined Date
2014-02-28T19:00:00
Source
Region
City/County
Publication Date
2014-03-01

Falling further behind? Child support arrears and fathers' labor force participation

Record Description

This study examines how child support arrears affect fathers’ labor force participation. It relies on longitudinal data from the Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study. Findings from analyses of these data suggest that child support arrears result in declines in average weeks worked in the formal labor market in subsequent time periods. These findings are driven by the behaviors of fathers who had relatively high amounts of arrears and no income in the previous year and are mostly robust to tests for selection into no work or low levels of work by fathers. Findings also suggest that arrears obligations that are low relative to income result in increases in the probability that fathers engage in any formal work. Arrears are not statistically significantly related to informal labor force participation. This study highlights both intended and unintended consequences of the growth in arrears under current child support enforcement policies. (author abstract).

Record Type
Posting Date
Combined Date
2012-01-01T00:00:00
Source
Region
City/County
Publication Date
2012-01-01

Project SEARCH

Record Description

Project SEARCH, run by Cincinnati Children's Hospital, provides employability skills training and workplace internships for individuals with significant disabilities, particularly youth transitions from high school to adult life. Project SEARCH now has program sites throughout the United States and the United Kingdom, and works with youth with chronic illnesses, traumatic injuries, rehabilitation issues, and other disabilities, and generates a plan that addresses their vocational, educational, training, and employment goals.

Record Type
Posting Date
Combined Date
2013-11-30T19:00:00
Source
Region
City/County
Publication Date
2013-12-01

Stimulating Opportunity: An Evaluation of ARRA - Funded Subsidized Employment Programs

Record Description

The Economic Mobility Corporation released a new report titled, "Stimulating Opportunity: An Evaluation of ARRA-Funded Subsidized Employment Programs." Major findings from this report include: subsidized employment programs can have a significant impact on low-income job seekers' employment and earnings, employers created jobs that would not have existed otherwise, the long-term unemployed experienced large employment and earnings gained, and the subsidized programs also benefited participants with significant barriers to employment. The report continues to demonstrate the value-add and need for solutions such as subsidized employment and transitional jobs in communities.

Record Type
Posting Date
Combined Date
2013-08-31T20:00:00
Source
Region
City/County
Publication Date
2013-09-01